【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforPreparationofPressedPowderWhiteReflectanceFactorTransferStandardsforHemisphericalandBi-DirectionalGeometries
【原文标准名称】:半球状和二维几何形状压制粉末白色反射系数转换标准的准备用标准实施规范
【标准号】:ASTME259-2006
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2006
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E12.02
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:验收检验;覆层;材料;光学;涂料;纸;准备;工艺;参考材料;反射;试验
【英文主题词】:bi-directionalopticalmeasuringsystem;hemisphericalopticalmeasuringsystem;integratingsphere;materialstandards;reflectanceandreflectivity;transferstandards
【摘要】:Allcommercialreflectometersmeasurerelativereflectance.Theinstrumentreadingisthereflectancefactor,theratioofthelightreflectedbyareferencespecimentothatreflectedbyatestspecimen.Thatratioisdependentonspecificinstrumentparameters.Nationalstandardizinglaboratoriesandsomeresearchlaboratoriesmeasurereflectanceoninstrumentscalibratedfrombasicprinciples,therebyestablishingascaleofabsolutereflectanceasdescribedinCIEPublicationNo.44(2).Thesemeasurementsaresufficientlydifficultthattheyareusuallylefttolaboratoriesthatspecializeinthem.Astandardthathasbeenmeasuredonanabsolutescalecouldbeusedtotransferthatscaletoareflectometer.Whilesuchproceduresexist,theconstraintsplacedonthemechanicalpropertiesrestrictthesuitabilityofsomeopticalproperties,especiallythosepropertiesrelatedtothegeometricdistributionofthereflectedlight.Thus,reflectancefactorstandardswhicharesufficientlyruggedandabletobecleaned,departconsiderablyfromtheperfectdiffuserinthegeometricdistributionofreflectedradiance.Thegeometricdistributionofreflectedradiancefromapressedpowderplaqueissufficientlydiffusetoprovideadependablecalibrationofadirectional-hemisphericalreflectometer.Althoughpressedpowderstandardsaresubjecttocontaminationandbreakage,thedirectional-hemisphericalreflectancefactorofpressedpowderstandardscanbesufficientlyreproduciblefromspecimentospecimenmadefromagivenlotofpowder,soastoallowonetoassignabsolutereflectancefactorvaluestoallthepowderinalot.Thispracticedescribeshowtopreparewhitereflectancefactorstandardsfromapowderinamannerthatallowsastandardizinglaboratorytoassigntheabsolutescaleofreflectancetotheplaque.1.1Thispracticecoversproceduresforpreparingpressedpowdertransferstandards.Thesestandardscanbeusedinthenear-ultraviolet,visibleandnear-infraredregionoftheelectromagneticspectrum.ProceduresforcalibratingthereflectancefactorofmaterialsonanabsolutebasisarecontainedinCIEPublicationNo.44().Pressedpowderstandardsareusedastransferstandardsforsuchcalibrationsbecausetheyhaveahighreflectancefactorthatisnearlyconstantwithwavelength,andbecausethegeometricdistributionofreflectedfluxresemblesthatfromtheperfectreflectingdiffuser.1.2ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasthestandard.Thevaluesinparenthesesareforinformationonly.Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:A26
【国际标准分类号】:17_180_20
【页数】:5P.;A4
【正文语种】:


【英文标准名称】:Digitalcellulartelecommunicationssystem(Phase2)-UnstructuredSupplementaryServiceData(USSD)-Stage1(EndorsementoftheEnglishversionETS300625:1997-09asGermanstandard)
【原文标准名称】:数字移动电话远程通信系统(阶段2).非结构补充服务数据.1级(英文版本核准本ETS300625:1997-09作为德国标准)
【标准号】:DINETS300625-2001
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:德国
【发布日期】:2001-04
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:德国标准化学会(DIN)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:传输技术;数据服务;数据;移动无线电通信系统;通信;数据传送;欧洲的;无线通信业务;电信;电信;远程通信
【英文主题词】:Data;Dataservices;Datatransfer;European;Mobileradiosystems;Telecommunication;Telecommunications;Transmissiontechnique;Wirelesscommunicationservices
【摘要】:ThedocumentdealswiththeUnstructuredSupplementaryServiceData(USSD),Stage1,withintheeuropeandigitalcellulartelecommunicationssystem(Phase2).
【中国标准分类号】:M11
【国际标准分类号】:33_070_50
【页数】:1P;A4
【正文语种】:德语