ASTM B832-1993(2008) 含镍和铜的电铸的标准指南

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【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforElectroformingwithNickelandCopper
【原文标准名称】:含镍和铜的电铸的标准指南
【标准号】:ASTMB832-1993(2008)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:1993
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:B08.08.01
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:copper;copperelectroforming;electroforming;electroplating;mandrels;nickel;nickelelectroforming;Copper;Copperelectroforming;Electroformingmaterials/processes;Electroplatedcoatings;Mandrels;Nickel;Nickel-copperalloy
【摘要】:Thespecializeduseoftheelectroplatingprocessforelectroformingresultsinthemanufactureoftoolsandproductsthatareuniqueandoftenimpossibletomakeeconomicallybytraditionalmethodsoffabrication.Currentapplicationsofnickelelectroforminginclude:textileprintingscreens;componentsofrocketthrustchambers,nozzles,andmotorcases;moldsanddiesformakingautomotivearm-restsandinstrumentpanels;stampersformakingphonographrecords,video-discs,andaudiocompactdiscs;meshproductsformakingporousbatteryelectrodes,filters,andrazorscreens;andopticalparts,bellows,andradarwaveguides(1-3).Copperisextensivelyusedforelectroformingthinfoilfortheprintedcircuitindustry.Copperfoilisformedcontinuouslybyelectrodepositionontorotatingdrums.Copperisoftenusedasabackingmaterialforelectroformednickelshellsandinotherapplicationswhereitshighthermalandelectricalconductivitiesarerequired.Othermetalsincludinggoldareelectroformedonasmallerscale.Electroformingisusedwheneverthedifficultyandcostofproducingtheobjectbymechanicalmeansisunusuallyhigh;unusualmechanicalandphysicalpropertiesarerequiredinthefinishedpiece;extremelyclosedimensionaltolerancesmustbeheldoninternaldimensionsandonsurfacesofirregularcontour;veryfinereproductionofdetailandcomplexcombinationsofsurfacefinisharerequired;andthepartcannotbemadebyotheravailablemethods.1.1Thisguidecoverselectroformingpracticeanddescribestheprocessingofmandrels,thedesignofelectroformedarticles,andtheuseofcopperandnickelelectroplatingsolutionsforelectroforming.1.2Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:H62
【国际标准分类号】:25_220_40
【页数】:9P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语


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【英文标准名称】:ANIMALANDVEGETABLEFATSANDOILS.DETERMINATIONOFACIDVALUEANDOFACIDITY.TITRIMETRICMETHODS.
【原文标准名称】:动物脂肪和植物脂肪.酸值和酸度的测定.滴定分析法
【标准号】:NFT60-204-1985
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:法国
【发布日期】:1985-12
【实施或试行日期】:1985-11-20
【发布单位】:法国标准化协会(AFNOR)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:X14
【国际标准分类号】:
【页数】:7P;A4
【正文语种】:其他


【英文标准名称】:Programmablecontrollers-Part2:Equipmentrequirementsandtests
【原文标准名称】:可编程控制器.第2部分:设备要求和试验
【标准号】:UL61131-2-2008
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2008-06-05
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国保险商实验所(US-UL)
【起草单位】:UL
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:检验设备;电路;防护等级;计算机外部设备;控制;控制工程;控制设备;控制工艺学;定义;诊断;电力系统;电气工程;电气安全性;电磁兼容性;电子的;电子工程;环境条件;设备;工业流程测量;检验;接口;接口(数据处理);电气连接件用接口;计量学;使用条件;外围设备;过程自动化;过程控制;过程测量和控制技术;可编程序的;可编程控制器;程序设计;防电击;合格试验;质量保证;额定值;规范(验收);试验程序;测试;测试条件;测试装置;工具;验证;电压
【英文主题词】:Checkingequipment;Circuits;Classesofprotection;Computerperipheralequipment;Control;Controlengineering;Controlequipment;Controltechnology;Definitions;Diagnosis;Electricpowersystems;Electricalengineering;Electricalsafety;Electromagneticcompatibility;Electronic;Electronicengineering;Environmentalconditions;Equipment;Industrialprocessmeasurement;Inspection;Interfaces;Interfaces(dataprocessing);Interfacesofelectricalconnections;Metrology;Operatingconditions;Peripheralequipment;Processautomation;Processcontrol;Processmeasuringandcontroltechnology;Programmable;Programmablecontrollers;Programming;Protectionagainstelectricshocks;Qualificationtests;Qualityassurance;Ratings;Specification(approval);Testprograms;Testing;Testingconditions;Testingdevices;Tools;Verification;Voltage
【摘要】:ThisPartofIEC61131specifiesrequirementsandrelatedtestsforprogrammablecontrollers(PLC)andtheirassociatedperipherals(forexample,programminganddebuggingtools(PADTs),human-machineinterfaces(HMIs),etc.)whichhaveastheirintendedusethecontrolandcommandofmachinesandindustrialprocesses.PLCsandtheirassociatedperipheralsareintendedtobeusedinanindustrialenvironmentandmaybeprovidedasopenorenclosedequipment.IfaPLCoritsassociatedperipheralsareintendedforuseinotherenvironments,thenthespecificrequirements,standardsandinstallationpracticesforthoseotherenvironmentsmustbeadditionallyappliedtothePLCanditsassociatedperipherals.ThisstandardalsoappliestoanyproductsperformingthefunctionofPLCsand/ortheirassociatedperipherals.EquipmentcoveredinthisstandardisintendedforuseinovervoltagecategoryII(IEC60664-1)inlow-voltageinstallations,wheretheratedmainssupplyvoltagedoesnotexceeda.c.1000Vr.m.s.(50/60Hz),ord.c.1500V.(IfPLCsortheirassociatedperipheralsareappliedinovervoltagecategoryIIIinstallations,thenadditionalanalysiswillberequiredtodeterminethesuitabilityoftheequipmentforthoseapplications.)
【中国标准分类号】:N18
【国际标准分类号】:35_240_50
【页数】:196P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语